Document and Entity Information	12 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information	Dec. 31, 2015 shares
Entity Registrant Name	Renren Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0001509223
Document Type	20-F
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2015
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2015
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Class A ordinary shares [Member]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	714,365,091
Class B ordinary shares [Member]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	305,388,450

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 56,226	$ 166,652
Term deposits		$ 494,065
Restricted cash	$ 122,316
Short-term investments	2,619	$ 29,384
Accounts and notes receivable (net of allowances of $2,946 and$3,252 as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively)	4,044	11,599
Financing receivable (net of allowances of $nil and $3,556 as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively)	144,457	6,285
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	50,321	33,235
Amounts due from related parties	16,484	1,001
Current assets held for sale	7,471	20,982
Total current assets	403,938	$ 763,203
Long-term financing receivable (net of allowances of $nil and $27 as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively)	15,273
Property and equipment, net	33,289	$ 41,848
Long-term investments	810,990	319,656
Other non-current assets	2,313	21,691
Non-current assets held for sale	2,030	2,755
TOTAL ASSETS	1,267,833	1,149,153
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable (including accounts payable of the consolidated VIEs without recourse to Renren Inc. of $4,025 and $4,914 as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively)	5,031	$ 4,127
Short-term debt (including short-term debt of the consolidated VIEs without recourse to Renren Inc. of $nil and $6,919 as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively)	106,919
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (including accrued expenses and other current liabilities of the consolidated VIEs without recourse to Renren Inc. of $14,131 and $13,762 as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively).	29,731	$ 21,961
Payable to investors (including payable to investors of the consolidated VIEs without recourse to Renren Inc. of $nil and $46,219 as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively)	48,893
Amounts due to related parties (including amount due to a related party of the consolidated VIEs without recourse to Renren Inc. of $37 and $36 as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively)	36	$ 37
Deferred revenue and advance from customers (including deferred revenue and advance from customers of the consolidated VIEs without recourse to Renren Inc. of $3,493 and $3,670 as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively)	3,885	3,749
Income tax payable (including income tax payable of the consolidated VIEs without recourse to Renren Inc. of $3,153 and $5,652 as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively)	6,118	9,217
Current liabilities held for sale (including current liabilities held for sale of the consolidated VIEs without recourse to Renren Inc. of $6,341 and $7,729 as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively)	8,138	6,953
Total current liabilities	208,751	$ 46,044
Long-term liabilities:
Long-term debt (including long-term debt of the Consolidated VIE's without recourse to Renren Inc. $nil and $nil as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively)	122,072
Other non-current liabilities (including other non-current liabilities of the Consolidated VIE's without recourse to Renren Inc. of $nil and $nil as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively)	7,622	$ 730
Total non-current liabilities	129,694	730
TOTAL LIABILITIES	$ 338,445	$ 46,774
Commitments and contingency (Note 21)
Equity:
Additional paid-in capital	$ 1,243,083	$ 1,224,393
Accumulated deficit	(357,394)	(137,266)
Statutory reserves	6,712	6,712
Accumulated other comprehensive income	37,124	7,774
Total Renren Inc. shareholders' equity	930,544	1,102,638
Noncontrolling interest	(1,156)	(259)
Total equity	929,388	1,102,379
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY	1,267,833	1,149,153
Class A ordinary shares [Member]
Equity:
Ordinary shares	714	720
Class B ordinary shares [Member]
Equity:
Ordinary shares	$ 305	$ 305

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Accounts and notes receivable, allowances (in dollars)	$ 3,252	$ 2,946
Financing receivable, allowances (in dollars)	3,556
Allowances of long-term financing receivable	27
Accounts payable	5,031	$ 4,127
Short-term debt	106,919
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	29,731	$ 21,961
Payable to investors	48,893
Amounts due to related parties	36	$ 37
Deferred revenue and advance from customers	3,885	3,749
Income tax payable	6,118	9,217
Current liabilities held for sale	8,138	$ 6,953
Long-term debt	122,072
Other non-current liabilities	7,622	$ 730
Variable Interest Entity [Member]
Accounts payable	4,914	$ 4,025
Short-term debt	6,919
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	13,762	$ 14,131
Payable to investors	46,219
Amounts due to related parties	36	$ 37
Deferred revenue and advance from customers	3,670	3,493
Income tax payable	5,652	3,153
Current liabilities held for sale	$ 7,729	$ 6,341
Long-term debt
Other non-current liabilities
Class A ordinary shares [Member]
Ordinary shares, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Ordinary shares, shares authorized	3,000,000,000	3,000,000,000
Ordinary shares, shares issued	714,365,091	720,040,971
Ordinary shares, shares outstanding	714,365,091	720,040,971
Class B ordinary shares [Member]
Ordinary shares, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Ordinary shares, shares authorized	500,000,000	500,000,000
Ordinary shares, shares issued	305,388,450	305,388,450
Ordinary shares, shares outstanding	305,388,450	305,388,450

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Net revenues:
Advertising and IVAS	$ 32,507	$ 46,641	$ 64,050
Financing income	8,604	27
Total net revenues	41,111	46,668	$ 64,050
Cost of revenues:
Cost of revenues	36,720	34,663	32,970
Gross profit	4,391	12,005	31,080
Operating expenses:
Selling and marketing	30,502	34,593	43,166
Research and development	32,392	42,697	54,716
General and administrative	$ 46,803	48,764	$ 38,021
Impairment of goodwill		46,864
Total operating expenses	$ 109,697	172,918	$ 135,903
Loss from operations	105,306	160,913	104,823
Other income (expenses)	(6,884)	(1,352)	979
Exchange gain (loss) on offshore bank accounts	(174)	(2,277)	1,476
Interest income	2,190	$ 12,569	$ 12,769
Interest expense	(2,041)
Realized gain (loss) on short-term investments	$ (98,112)	$ 139,265	$ 56,022
Impairment of short-term investments			(2,098)
Impairment of equity method investments	$ (4,258)		(23,025)
Loss before provision of income tax and earnings (loss) in equity method investments and noncontrolling interest, net of tax	(214,585)	$ (12,708)	(58,700)
Income tax benefit (expense)	(3,124)	(6,517)	3,959
Loss before earnings (loss) in equity method investments and noncontrolling interest, net of tax	(217,709)	(19,225)	(54,741)
Earnings (loss) in equity method investments, net of tax	(5,468)	49,015	20,317
(Loss) income from continuing operations	(223,177)	29,790	(34,424)
Discontinued operations:
(Loss) income from the operations of discontinued operations, net of tax (benefits) expenses of $(3,494), $(321) and $944 for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively	$ 1,520	(27,194)	(34,600)
Gain on deconsolidation of the subsidiaries, net of tax of $nil for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively		489	$ 132,665
Gain on disposal of equity method investment		56,993
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax (benefits) expenses of $(3,494), $5,706 and $944 for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively	$ 1,520	30,288	$ 98,065
Net income (loss)	(221,657)	60,078	63,641
Net loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest	1,529	382	92
Net (loss) income from continuing operations attributable to Renren Inc.	(221,648)	30,172	(34,332)
Net income from discontinued operations attributable to Renren Inc.	1,520	30,288	98,065
Net income (loss) attributable to Renren Inc.	$ (220,128)	$ 60,460	$ 63,733
Net (loss) income per share from continuing operations attributable to Renren Inc. shareholders:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.22)	$ 0.03	$ (0.03)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	(0.22)	0.03	(0.03)
Net income per share from discontinued operations attributable to Renren Inc. shareholders
Basic (in dollars per share)	0.00	0.03	0.09
Diluted (in dollars per share)	0.00	0.03	0.09
Net income (loss) per share attributable to Renren Inc. shareholders:
Basic (in dollars per share)	(0.22)	0.06	0.06
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.22)	$ 0.06	$ 0.06
Weighted average number of shares used in calculating net (loss) income per share from continuing operations attributable to Renren Inc. shareholders:
Basic (in shares)	1,019,378,556	1,059,446,436	1,118,091,879
Diluted (in shares)	1,019,378,556	1,067,631,709	1,118,091,879
Weighted average number of shares used in calculating net income per share from discontinued operations attributable to Renren Inc. shareholders:
Basic (in shares)	1,019,378,556	1,059,446,436	1,118,091,879
Diluted (in shares)	1,027,236,202	1,067,631,709	1,130,739,922

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS [Abstract]
(Loss) income from the operations of the discontinued operations, tax (benefits) expenses	$ 944	$ (321)	$ (3,494)
Gain on deconsolidation of the subsidiaries, tax expense
Gain on disposal of equity method investment, tax expenses		$ 6,027
Gain from discontinued operations, tax (benefits) expenses	$ 944	$ 5,706	$ (3,494)

- Definition

Amount of tax expense (benefit) related to a discontinued operation. Includes, but is not limited to, tax expense (benefit) related to income (loss) from operations during the phase-out period, tax expense (benefit) related to gain (loss) on disposal, tax expense (benefit) related to gain (loss) for reversal of write-down (write-down) to fair value, less cost to sell, and tax expense (benefit) related to adjustments of a prior period gain (loss) on disposal.

+ References + Details

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME [Abstract]
Net income (loss)	$ (221,657)	$ 60,078	$ 63,641
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation	(7,777)	(5,039)	4,805
Net unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments, net of tax of $nil for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively	40,695	13,223	183,932
Transfer to statements of operations of realized gain on available-for-sale securities, net of tax of $nil for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively	$ (3,568)	$ (175,191)	(55,768)
Transfer to statements of operations as a result of other-than-temporary impairment of short-term investments, net of tax of $nil			2,098
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$ 29,350	$ (167,007)	135,067
Comprehensive income (loss)	(192,307)	(106,929)	198,708
Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest	1,529	382	92
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Renren Inc.	$ (190,778)	$ (106,547)	$ 198,800

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME [Abstract]
Net unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments, tax
Transfer to statements of operations of realized gain on available-for-sale securities, tax
Transfer to statements of operations as a result of other-then-temporary impairment of short-term investments, tax

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Total Renren Inc.'s equity [Member]	Additional paid-in capital [Member]	Subscription receivable [Member]	Accumulated deficit [Member]	Statutory reserves [Member]	Accumulated other comprehensive income [Member]	Non-controlling interest [Member]	Class A ordinary shares [Member] Ordinary shares [Member]	Class B ordinary shares [Member] Ordinary shares [Member]
Balance at Dec. 31, 2012	$ 1,105,130	$ 1,104,915	$ 1,319,044	$ (229)	$ (261,459)	$ 6,712	$ 39,714	$ 215	$ 730	$ 403
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2012									729,848,742	402,680,117
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Stock-based compensation	16,138	16,138	$ 16,138
Other comprehensive income	135,067	135,067					$ 135,067
Net income	63,641	63,733			$ 63,733			$ (92)
Exercise of share option and restricted shares vesting	4,032	4,032	$ 4,013						$ 17	$ 2
Exercise of share option and restricted shares vesting (in shares)									16,763,199	2,708,333
Repurchase of ordinary shares	$ (55,574)	$ (55,574)	$ (55,517)						$ (57)
Repurchase of ordinary shares (in shares)									(56,635,569)
Transfer Class B shares to Class A shares									$ 100	$ (100)
Transfer Class B shares to Class A shares (in shares)									100,000,000	(100,000,000)
Bad debt provision of share subscription receivables	$ 229	$ 229		$ 229
Receipt of repayment from shareholder	1,605	1,605	$ 1,605
Balance at Dec. 31, 2013	1,270,268	1,270,145	1,285,283		$ (197,726)	$ 6,712	$ 174,781	$ 123	$ 790	$ 305
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2013									789,976,372	305,388,450
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Stock-based compensation	23,604	23,604	$ 23,604
Other comprehensive income	(167,007)	(167,007)					$ (167,007)
Net income	60,078	60,460			$ 60,460			$ (382)
Exercise of share option and restricted shares vesting	2,759	2,759	$ 2,748						$ 11
Exercise of share option and restricted shares vesting (in shares)									10,792,736
Repurchase of ordinary shares	(87,323)	(87,323)	(87,242)						$ (81)
Repurchase of ordinary shares (in shares)									(80,728,137)
Balance at Dec. 31, 2014	1,102,379	1,102,638	1,224,393		$ (137,266)	$ 6,712	$ 7,774	$ (259)	$ 720	$ 305
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2014									720,040,971	305,388,450
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Stock-based compensation	28,241	28,241	$ 28,241
Other comprehensive income	29,350	29,350					$ 29,350
Net income	(221,657)	(220,128)			$ (220,128)			$ (1,529)
Exercise of share option and restricted shares vesting	1,367	1,367	$ 1,362						$ 5
Exercise of share option and restricted shares vesting (in shares)									5,236,230
Repurchase of ordinary shares	$ (10,292)	(10,292)	(10,281)						$ (11)
Repurchase of ordinary shares (in shares)									(10,912,110)
Purchase of noncontrolling interest in Jiehun China		119	119					$ (119)
Decrease in equity interest of Wanmen		(751)	(751)					751
Balance at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 929,388	$ 930,544	$ 1,243,083		$ (357,394)	$ 6,712	$ 37,124	$ (1,156)	$ 714	$ 305
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2015									714,365,091	305,388,450

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$ (221,657)	$ 60,078	$ 63,641
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities:
Share-based compensation expense	$ 28,241	21,649	16,138
Gain on deconsolidation of subsidiaries		(489)	$ (132,665)
(Gain) loss on disposal of equity method investment	$ 1,924	(56,993)
Depreciation and amortization	8,935	18,488	$ 19,188
Exchange (gain) loss on offshore accounts	$ 174	2,277	(1,476)
Impairment on intangible assets		$ 15,461	208
Impairment on equity method investments	$ 4,258		23,025
Impairment on short-term investments			$ 2,098
Impairment on goodwill		$ 46,864
Impairment on long lived assets			$ 90
Provision for doubtful accounts-accounts receivable	$ 788	$ 2,090	813
Provision for doubtful accounts- others	836	$ 305	$ 627
Provision for financing receivable losses	3,665
(Gain) loss on disposal of equipment	(988)	$ 1,797	$ (86)
(Gain) loss on short-term investments and fair value change of derivatives	98,112	(139,265)	(56,022)
(Earnings) loss in equity method investments	5,468	$ (49,015)	$ (20,317)
Fair value change of put option	6,270
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts and notes receivable	7,613	$ (6,480)	$ 1,631
Financing income receivable	(217)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(22,788)	$ (9,740)	$ (19,625)
Other non-current assets	$ 19,313	3,164	$ (488)
Intercompany loan to Qianjun Technology (see Note 4.3)		21,831
Accounts payable	$ 1,266	762	$ 2,213
Amounts due from/to related parties	1,260	61,404	13,063
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	1,090	$ (6,509)	$ 3,861
Interest payable to investors	870
Other non-current liabilities	966
Deferred revenue and advance from customers	$ 397	$ (1,195)	$ (848)
Other non-current liabilities		(152)	156
Income tax payable	$ (2,624)	1,614	1,054
Deferred income taxes		4,576	(8,472)
Profit distribution received from Japan Macro	$ 9,235	$ 63,917	$ 19,158
Increase Decrease In Financing Income	217
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	(50,042)	$ 56,439	$ (73,035)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Restricted cash	(22,532)
Decrease (increase) in term deposits	493,471	$ (3,414)	$ 58,235
Proceeds from financing receivable	126,535
Payments to provide financing receivable	(289,041)
Proceeds from sale of trading securities	63,822
Proceeds from sale of available-for-sale securities	62,704	$ 415,528	$ 118,958
Proceeds from sale of derivative financial instruments	2,580	80,861	959
Proceeds from principal return on Series 2012-A Senior Secured Sofi Loan Notes	$ 984	1,370	$ 1,353
Proceeds from sale of subsidiary, net of $168 cash disposed of		3,001
Proceeds from sale of equity method investment	$ 94	46,484
Proceeds from capital withdrawal from equity method investees	60,279	$ 74,721
Dividend received from trading securities	19
Dividend received from available-for-sale securities	157	$ 1,050
Purchase of trading securities	(67,986)
Purchase of available-for-sale securities	(29,833)	$ (129,407)	$ (88,681)
Purchase of derivative financial instruments	(101,409)	(118,470)	(1,999)
Purchase of equity method investments, call option and warrant	(225,885)	(161,271)	(20,000)
Purchase of cost method investment	(179,262)	(26,969)	$ (116)
Purchase of long-term available-for-sale investments	(132,957)	(56,492)
Proceeds from disposal of equipment	1,084	386	$ 338
Purchases of equipment and property	(806)	(8,028)	(29,077)
Purchases of intangible assets	$ (386)	$ (1,574)	(1,349)
Cash disposed of from deconsolidation of subsidiaries			(18,637)
Cash consideration received from disposition of Qingting			$ 81
Loan to noncontrolling shareholder	$ (1,930)
Loan to related party	(4,775)
Proceeds from repayment of related party loan	4,775
Loans to third parties	(21,898)	$ (8,561)
Proceeds from repayment of third party loans	13,212
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(248,984)	$ 109,215	$ 20,065
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repurchase of ordinary shares	$ (10,292)	$ (76,462)	(55,575)
Deposits for share repurchase			(10,860)
Proceeds from exercise of share options	$ 1,231	$ 2,514	2,913
Contribution from nominee shareholders of Jiexi Haohe			1,605
Proceeds from the issuance of promissory note issued to Nuomi Inc.			$ 60,884
Repayment of promissory note issued to Nuomi Inc.		$ (60,884)
Proceeds from investors	$ 174,543
Payments to investors	(125,001)
Proceeds from short-term borrowings	107,134
Proceeds from long term borrowings	130,885
Restricted cash for short-term borrowing	(100,000)
Capital injection by noncontrolling shareholder	1,930
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	180,430	$ (134,832)	$ (1,033)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	(118,596)	30,822	(54,003)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	183,025	154,308	207,438
Effect of exchange rate changes	(3,592)	(2,105)	873
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	60,837	$ 183,025	$ 154,308
Supplemental schedule of cash flows information:
Interest paid	2,793
Income taxes paid	6,744	$ 11	$ 11
Schedule of non-cash activities:
Payable for acquisition of property, plant and equipments included in accrued expenses and other liabilities	$ 43		319
Acquisition of property, plant and equipments and other intangible assets through utilization of deposits		$ 1,514	$ 15,246
Repurchase of ordinary shares through utilization of deposits		$ 10,860

ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES [Abstract]

ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES

1.	ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES

Renren Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in the Cayman Islands. Through its social networking internet platform, the Company, its consolidated subsidiaries, variable interest entities (“VIEs”) and VIEs' subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Group”) were primarily engaged in the operation of its social networking internet platform (“SNS”) through which it provides online advertising services and internet value-added services (“IVAS”) as well as the operation of financial services platforms to provide internet finance services.

During 2013 and 2014, the Company discontinued its social commerce services and online advertising services generated from its online social video platform through its deconsolidation of Nuomi holdings Inc. (“Nuomi Inc.”) and Guanzhou Qianjun Internet Technology Co., Ltd. (“Qianjun Technology”). As a result, the operations of Nuomi Inc. and Quinjun Technology were treated as discontinued operations during the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2014 (see Note 4).

Additionally, during 2015, the Company reached a resolution to dispose of its online gaming business (“Online Gaming”), which was subsequently sold in March 2016. The disposal of Online Gaming represents a strategic shift and has a major effect on the Company's result of operations. Accordingly, assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and cash flows related to the Online Gaming entities have been reclassified in the accompanying consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations for all periods presented. The consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, consolidated statements of operations and consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015 have been adjusted to reflect this change.

Beginning with the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company launched Renren Fenqi platform (“Renren Fenqi”), a financial service platform which provides financing to college students in China for making purchases on e-commerce platforms. From the first quarter of 2015, the Company started to provide credit financing to used automobile dealers and apartment rental financing to individuals and apartment agents. Additionally, during 2015, the Company also launched the Renren Licai platform (“Renren Licai”), a platform through which the Company identifies individual investors and transfers the creditors' rights arising from aforementioned financing to individual investors.

As of December 31, 2015, Renren Inc.'s subsidiaries, VIEs and VIEs' subsidiaries are as follows:

	Later of date		Percentage of
	of incorporation	Place of	legal ownership
Name of Subsidiaries	or acquisition	incorporation	by Renren Inc.		Principal activities

Subsidiaries:
CIAC/ChinaInterActiveCorp (“CIAC”)	August 5, 2005	Cayman Islands		100%	Investment holding
Renren Wealth Inc.	March 7, 2011	Cayman Islands		100%	Investment holding
Link224 Inc.	May 31, 2011	Cayman Islands		100%	Investment holding
Renren Lianhe Holdings	September 2, 2011	Cayman Islands		100%	Investment holding
Wole Inc.	October 27, 2011	Cayman Islands		100%	Investment holding
JiehunChina Inc. (“JiehunChina”)	June 14, 2011	Cayman Islands		100%	Investment holding
Renren Giant Way Limited (“Renren Giant Way”)	May 17, 2012	Hong Kong		100%	Investment holding
Renren Finance, Inc.	December 15, 2014	Cayman Islands		100%	Investment holding
Renren Gongying Inc..	October 2, 2015	Cayman Islands		100%	Investment holding
Funall Technology Inc.	January 5, 2011	Cayman Islands		100%	Investment holding
Xin Ditu Holdings	September 7, 2011	Cayman Islands		100%	Investment holding
Renren Study Inc.	April 5, 2012	Cayman Islands		100%	Investment holding
Jingwei Inc. Limited	July 16, 2012	Cayman Islands		100%	Investment holding
Happy Link Corporation Limited	May 7, 2011	Hong Kong		100%	Investment holding
Renren Game HongKong Limited (“Game HK”)	March 8, 2012	Hong Kong		100%	Investment holding
Jupiter Way Limited (“Jupiter Way”).	July 16, 2012	Hong Kong		100%	Investment holding
Renren Game Japan Inc.	August 22, 2011	Japan		100%	Online games
Renren Game Korea Co., Ltd	September 30, 2011	Korea		100%	Online games
Funall Technology Development (Taiwan) Co., Ltd.	September 6. 2010	Taiwan		100%	Online games
Renren Game USA Inc. (“Game USA")	March 8, 2012	USA		100%	Online games
Appsurdity Inc.	September 7, 2012	USA		100%	Internet business
Qianxiang Shiji Technology Development (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (“Qianxiang Shiji”)	March 21, 2005	PRC		100%	Investment holding
Beijing Woxiu Information Technology Co. Ltd. (“Beijing Woxiu”)	October 27, 2011	PRC		100%	Investment holding
Renren Game Network Technology Development (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. ("Renren Network")	November 30, 2012	PRC		100%	Investment holding
Beijing Jiexun Shiji Technology Development Co., Ltd. ("Jiexun Shiji")	April 26, 2012	PRC		100%	Investment holding
Renren Huijin (Tianjin) Technology Co., Ltd. ("Huijin")	October 10, 2012	PRC		100%	Investment holding
Joy Interactive (Beijing) Technology Development Co., Ltd.	April 24, 2013	PRC		100%	Online games
Beijing Jingwei Sinan Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Jingwei Sinan”)	May 22, 2014	PRC		100%	Investment holding
Shanghai Renren Financial Rental Co., Ltd	May 25, 2015	PRC		100%	Internet business

Variable Interest Entities:
Beijing Qianxiang Tiancheng Technology Development Co., Ltd. ("Qianxiang Tiancheng")	October 28, 2002	PRC		N/A	IVAS business
Shanghai Renren Games Technology Development Co., Ltd. ("Renren Games").	November 15, 2012	PRC		N/A	Online games
Jiexun Pinghe (Beijing) Technology Development Co.,Ltd. ("Jiexun Pinghe")	February 5, 2013	PRC		N/A	IVAS business
Beijing Jingwei Zhihui Information Technology Co., Ltd. ("Jingwei Zhihui")	March 19, 2014	PRC		N/A	Internet business
Guangzhou Xiuxuan Brokers Co., Ltd	September 22, 2014	PRC		N/A	IVAS business
Beijing Renren Financial Services Investment Management Co., Ltd.	May 20, 2015	PRC		N/A	Internet business
Shanghai Wangjing Investment Management Co., Ltd.	April 20, 2015	PRC		N/A	Internet business

Subsidiaries of Variable Interest Entities:
Beijing Qianxiang Wangjing Technology Development Co., Ltd. ("Qianxiang Wangjing")	November 11, 2008	PRC		N/A	Internet business
Shanghai Qianxiang Changda Internet Information Technology Development Co., Ltd. ("Shanghai Changda")	October 25, 2010	PRC		N/A	Internet business
Beijing Wole Shijie Information Technology Co., Ltd. ("Wole Shijie")	October 27, 2011	PRC		N/A	Technology development and service
Suzhou Sijifeng Internet Information Technology Development Co., Ltd.	March 22, 2012	PRC		N/A	Online games
Beijing Qilin Wings Technology Development Co., Ltd..	January 16, 2013	PRC		N/A	Internet business
Tianjin Joy Interactive Technology Development Co., Ltd..	March 29, 2013	PRC		N/A	Online games
Beijing Wanmen Education Technology Co., Ltd (“Wanmen”)	May 19, 2014	PRC		N/A	Internet business
Beijing Zhenzhong Interactive Information Technology Co., Ltd	December 23, 2014	PRC		N/A	Internet business
Beijing Renren Quxue Technology Development Co., Ltd.	August 28, 2015	PRC		N/A	Inactive
Shanghai Wangjing Factoring Co., Ltd.	July 28, 2015	PRC		N/A	Factoring business
Renren Huyu (Hong Kong) Limited,	November 19, 2015	Hong Kong		N/A	Online games

The VIE arrangements

PRC regulations currently limit direct foreign ownership of business entities providing value-added telecommunications services, online advertising services, online game and internet services in the PRC where certain licenses are required for the provision of such services. To comply with these PRC regulations, the Company currently conducts substantially all of its businesses through three VIEs and their respective subsidiaries including Qianxiang Tiancheng, Renren Games, and Jingwei Zhihui. Qianxiang Tiancheng is mainly engaged in the provision of online advertising and IVAS. Renren Games is primarily engaged in the provision of online gaming. Jingwei Zhihui is primarily engaged in the provision of internet finance services.

Qianxiang Shiji, a wholly owned subsidiary of CIAC (“WFOE”), Renren Network, a wholly owned subsidiary of Game HK (“WFOE”), and Jingwei Sinan, a wholly owned subsidiary of Jupiter Way (“WFOE”), entered into a series of contractual arrangements with the VIEs that enable the Company to (1) have power to direct the activities that most significantly affects the economic performance of the VIEs, and (2) receive the economic benefits of the VIEs that could be significant to the VIEs. Accordingly, the Company is considered the primary beneficiary of the VIEs and has consolidated the VIEs' financial results of operations, assets and liabilities in the Company's consolidated financial statements. In making the conclusion that the Company is the primary beneficiary of the VIEs, the Company believes the Company's rights under the terms of the exclusive option agreement and power of attorney are substantive given the substantive participating rights held by SB Pan Pacific Corporation as it relates to operating matters, which provide it with a substantive kick out right.

More specifically, the Company believes the terms of the contractual agreements are valid, binding and enforceable under PRC laws and regulations currently in effect. In particular the Company also believes that the minimum amount of consideration permitted by the applicable PRC law to exercise the exclusive option does not represent a financial barrier or disincentive for the Company to currently exercise its rights under the exclusive option agreement. A simple majority vote of the Company's board of directors is required to pass a resolution to exercise the Company's rights under the exclusive option agreement, for which the consent from Mr. Joe Chen, who holds the most voting interests in the Company and is also the Company's chairman and CEO, is not required. The Company's rights under the exclusive option agreement give the Company the power to control the shareholders of the VIEs and thus the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact VIEs' economic performance. In addition, the Company's rights under the powers of attorney also reinforce the Company's abilities to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIEs' economic performance. The Company also believes that this ability to exercise control ensures that the VIEs will continue to execute and renew service agreements and pay service fees to the Company. By charging service fees at the sole discretion of the Company, and by ensuring that service agreements are executed and renewed indefinitely, the Company has the rights to receive substantially all of the economic benefits from the VIEs.

The VIEs hold the requisite licenses and permits necessary to conduct the Company's business under the current business arrangements.

The contractual agreements below provide the Company with the power to direct the activities that most significantly affect the economic performance of the VIEs and enable the Company to receive substantially all of economic benefits and absorb the losses of the VIEs.

(1)

Power of Attorney: WFOEs hold irrevocable power of attorney executed by the legal owners of the VIEs to exercise their voting rights on, including but not limited to dividend declaration, all matters at meetings of the legal owners of the VIEs and through such power of attorney has the right to control the operations of the VIEs. The power of attorney for Qianxiang Tiancheng will remain in force for ten years until December 22, 2020, and will be automatically renewed upon the extension of the terms of the relevant business operations agreements until the earlier of the following events: (i) nominee loses his/her position in WFOEs or WFOEs issue a written notice to dismiss or replace nominee; and (ii) the business operations agreements among WFOEs, VIEs and VIEs' shareholders terminate or expire. The power of attorney for Renren Games became effective on November 30, 2012 and will remain effective as long as Renren Games exist. Neither of the shareholders of Renren Games has the right to terminate or revoke the power of attorney without the prior written consent of Renren Network. The power of attorney for Jingwei Zhihui became effective on May 22, 2014 and will remain effective as long as Jingwei Zhihui exist. Neither of the shareholders of Jingwei Zhihui has the right to terminate or revoke the power of attorney without the prior written consent of Jingwei Sinan.

(2)

Business Operations Agreement: The business operations agreements specifically and explicitly grant WFOEs the principal operating decision making rights, such as appointment of the directors and executive management, of the VIEs.

The terms of the business operations agreements are ten years and will be extended automatically for another ten years unless WFOEs provide a 30-day advance written notice to VIEs and to each of VIEs' shareholders requesting not to extend the term three months prior to the expiration dates of December 22, 2020, November 29, 2022, and May 21, 2024, respectively. Neither VIEs nor any of VIEs' shareholders may terminate the agreements during the terms or the extensions of the terms.

(3)

Exclusive Equity Option Agreement: Under the exclusive equity option agreement, the WFOEs have the exclusive right to purchase the equity interests of the VIEs from the registered legal equity owners as far as PRC regulations permit a transfer of legal ownership to foreign ownership. The WFOEs can exercise the purchase right at any portion and any time in the 10-year agreement period.

Without the WFOEs' consent, VIEs' shareholders shall not transfer, donate, pledge, or otherwise dispose their equity shareholdings in VIEs in any way. The equity option agreement will remain in full force and effect until the earlier of: (i) the date on which all of the equity interests in VIEs have been acquired by the respective WFOE or its designated representative(s); or (ii) the receipt of the 30-day advance written termination notice issued by the respective WFOE to the shareholders of VIEs. The term of these agreements will be automatically renewed upon the extension of the term of the relevant exclusive equity option agreement.

(4)

Spousal Consent Agreement: The spouse of each of the shareholders of Qianxiang Tiancheng acknowledged that certain equity interests of Qianxiang Tiancheng held by and registered in the name of his/her spouse will be disposed of pursuant to the equity option agreements. These spouses understand that such equity interests are held by their respective spouse on behalf of Qianxiang Shiji, and they will not take any action to interfere with the disposition of such equity interests, including, without limitation, claiming that such equity interests constitute communal property of marriage.

The spouse of each of the shareholders of Renren Games has acknowledged that certain equity interests of Renren Games, held by and registered in the name of his/her spouse will be disposed of pursuant to the loan agreement, equity option agreement and equity interest pledge agreement of which they are respectively a party, and they will not take any action to interfere with such arrangement, including claiming that such equity interests constitute property or communal property between his/her spouse and himself/herself.

The spouse of each of the shareholders of Jingwei Zhihui has acknowledged that certain equity interests of Jingwei Zhihui, held by and registered in the name of his/her spouse will be disposed of pursuant to the loan agreement, equity option agreement and equity interest pledge agreement of which they are respectively a party, and they will not take any action to interfere with such arrangement, including claiming that such equity interests constitute property or communal property between his/her spouse and himself/herself.

(5)

Exclusive Technical and Consulting Services Agreement: The WFOEs and registered shareholders irrevocably agree that the WFOEs shall be the exclusive technology service provider to the VIEs in return for a service fee which is determined at the sole discretion of the WFOEs.

The term of each of agreement is ten years and will be extended automatically for another ten years unless terminated by the WFOEs. The WFOEs can terminate the agreement at any time by providing a 30-day prior written notice. VIEs are not permitted to terminate the agreements prior to the expiration of the terms by December 22, 2020, November 29, 2022 and May 21, 2024, respectively, unless the WFOEs fail to comply with any of its obligations under this agreement and such breach makes the WFOEs unable to continue to perform this agreement.

(6)

Intellectual Property License Agreement: The WFOEs and registered shareholders agree that the WFOEs shall have the exclusive right to license its intellectual property rights to VIEs in return for a license fee. The license fee is determined at the discretion of the Company. The term of these agreements will be automatically renewed upon the extension of the term of the relevant intellectual property license agreement.

The term of the agreement will be extended for another five years with both parties' consents. The WFOEs may terminate the agreement at any time by providing a 30-day prior written notice. Any party may terminate the agreement immediately with written notice to the other party if the other party materially breaches the relevant agreement and fails to cure its breach within 30 days from the date it receives the written notice specifying its breach from the non-breaching party. The parties will review the agreement every three months and determine if any amendment is needed.

(7)

Loan Agreements: Under loan agreements between WFOE and each of the shareholders of the respective VIEs, WFOE made interest-free loans to the shareholders of exclusively for the purpose of the initial capitalization and the subsequent financial needs of the VIEs. The loans can only be repaid with the proceeds derived from the sale of all of the equity interests in VIE to WFOE or its designated representatives pursuant to the equity option agreements. The term of each of these loans is ten years from the actual drawing down of such loans by the shareholders of VIE, and will be automatically extended for another ten years unless a written notice to the contrary is given by WFOE to the shareholders of VIE three months prior to the expiration of the loan agreements.

(8)

Equity Interest Pledge Agreement: Shareholders of the VIEs have pledged all of their equity interests in the VIEs with their respective WFOEs and the WFOEs are entitled to certain rights to sell the pledged equity interests through auction or other means if the VIEs or the shareholders default in their obligations under other above-stated agreements.

These agreements are substantially the same, and that the equity interest pledge has become effective and will expire on the earlier of: (i) the date on which the VIE and its shareholders have fully performed their obligations under the loan agreements, the exclusive technical service agreement, the intellectual property right license agreement and the equity option agreements; (ii) the enforcement of the pledge by WFOE pursuant to the terms and conditions under this agreement to fully satisfy its rights under such agreements; or (iii) the completion of the transfer of all equity interests of VIE by the shareholders of VIE to another individual or legal entity designated by WFOE pursuant to the equity option agreement and no equity interest of VIE is held by such shareholders.

Risks in relation to the VIE structure

The Company and the Company's legal counsel believe that Qianxiang Shiji's, Renren Network's, and Jingwei Sinan's contractual arrangements with the VIEs are in compliance with PRC law and are legally enforceable. However, uncertainties in the PRC legal system could limit the Company's ability to enforce these contractual arrangements and if the shareholders of the VIE were to reduce their interest in the Company, their interests may diverge from that of the Company and that may potentially increase the risk that they would seek to act contrary to the contractual terms, for example by influencing the VIEs not to pay the service fees when required to do so. If the legal structure and contractual arrangements were found to be in violation of PRC laws and regulations, the PRC government could:

•

Revoke the business and operating licenses of the WFOEs, the VIEs and their subsidiaries;

•

Discontinue or restrict the operations of any related-party transactions among the WFOEs, the VIEs and their subsidiaries;

•

Impose fines or other requirements on the WFOEs, the VIEs and their subsidiaries;

•

Require the Company or the WFOEs, the VIEs and their subsidiaries to revise the relevant ownership structure or restructure operations; and/or

•

Restrict or prohibit the Company's use of the proceeds of the additional public offering to finance the Company's business and operations in China.

The Company's ability to conduct its business including online advertising, online gaming (discontinued after the Company's resolution to dispose of Online Gaming in 2015), online talent show, other internet value added services, social commerce services (discontinued after the Company's deconsolidation of Nuomi Inc. in October 2013), and internet finance services may be negatively affected if the PRC government were to carry out any of the aforementioned actions. As a result, the Company may not be able to consolidate the VIEs and the VIEs' subsidiaries in its consolidated financial statements as it may lose the ability to exert effective control over the VIEs and the VIEs' subsidiaries and shareholders, and it may lose the ability to receive economic benefits from the VIEs and the VIEs' subsidiaries.

Certain shareholders of the VIEs are also shareholders of the Company. The interests of the shareholders of the VIEs may diverge from that of the Company and that may potentially increase the risk that they would seek to act contrary to the contractual terms, for example by influencing the VIEs not to pay the service fees when required to do so. The Company cannot assure that when conflicts of interest arise, shareholders of the VIEs will act in the best interests of the Company or that conflicts of interests will be resolved in the Company's favor. Currently, the Company does not have existing arrangements to address potential conflicts of interest the shareholders of the VIEs may encounter in their capacity as beneficial owners and directors of the VIEs. The Company believes the shareholders of the VIEs will not act contrary to any of the contractual arrangements and the exclusive option agreements provide the Company with a mechanism to remove the current shareholders of the VIEs as beneficial shareholders of the VIEs should they act to the detriment of the Company. The Company relies on the current shareholders of VIEs whom also are directors and executive officers of the Company, to fulfill their fiduciary duties and abide by laws of Cayman Islands and act in the best interest of the Company or that conflicts will be resolved in the Company's favor. If the Company cannot resolve any conflicts of interest or disputes between the Company and the shareholders of the VIEs, the Company would have to rely on legal proceedings, which could result in disruption of its business, and there is substantial uncertainty as to the outcome of any such legal proceedings.

The Company's ability to control the VIEs also depends on the power of attorney that Qianxiang Shiji, Renren Network and Jingwei Sinan have to vote on all matters requiring shareholder approval in the VIEs. As noted above, the Company believes this power of attorney is legally enforceable but may not be as effective as direct equity ownership.

The following financial statement balances and amounts of the Company's VIEs were included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements after elimination of intercompany balances and transactions between the offshore companies, WFOEs, VIEs and VIEs' subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, the balance of the amount payable by the VIEs and their subsidiaries to the WFOEs related to the service fees were $2,264 and $172, respectively and was eliminated upon consolidation.

	As of December 31,
		2014		2015

Cash and cash equivalents	$	16,870	$	15,359
Term deposits		16,117		-
Short-term investments		-		2,748
Accounts and notes receivable, net		11,580		4,044
Financing receivable, net		6,285		72,619
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		13,108		22,932
Amounts due from related parties		494		425
Current assets held for sale		15,687		3,917
Total current assets		80,141		122,044
Long-term financing receivable, net		-		15,273
Property and equipment, net		6,471		2,327
Long-term investments		2,460		18,852
Other non-current assets		2,174		1,195
Non-current assets held for sale		1,282		1,888
Total non-current assets		12,387		39,535
Total assets	$	92,528	$	161,579
Accounts payable	$	4,025	$	4,914
Short-term debt		-		6,919
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		14,131		13,762
Payable to investors		-		46,219
Amounts due to related parties		37		36
Deferred revenue and advance from customers		3,493		3,670
Income tax payable		3,153		5,652
Current liabilities held for sale		6,341		7,729
Total current liabilities		31,180